Forget About Nazis, Talk About “Islamophobia”

 

This article was published in New York City in “The Algemeiner Journal,” FRIDAY, JANUARY 21, 2011 | 16 SHVAT 5771 VOL. XXXVIII NO. 1996

 

This week, there was a book presentation in Vienna, Austria, about ‘race, as a political and social construction’. One of the panelists at the event is Prof. Wolfgang Benz, head of the Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA) at Berlin’s Technical University. Benz has recently come under heavy criticism because he currently equates anti-Semitism with criticism of Islamism.

It started with a conference on December 8, 2008 at his institute in Berlin, entitled “concept of the enemy Muslim – concept of the enemy Jew.” The announcement itself drew clear parallels from the history of anti-Semitism in the 19^th century and today’s situation for Muslims.

Well: who was attacked on 9/11? Who organizes conferences like “A World without Zionism” and denies the Holocaust? And who, by the way, organizes rallies in the heart of Berlin as well as in San Franciso, London or any other major city in the Western world in January 2009 screaming “Death to the Jews”, “Olmert is a son of a dog”, or “Hamas, Hamas, Jews to the Gas?”

Who gave some of the nastiest, most anti-Semitic and anti-American speeches at the United Nations in the last years at their General Assemblies in September? Are these examples proof for “Islamophobia?”

 

The analogy of anti-Semitism and “Islamophobia” is also the topic of another conference at an Academy in the city of Tutzing, south of Munich in Bavaria, on January 21-23, organized in collaboration with the “Moses Mendelssohn Center for European-Jewish Studies at the University of Potsdam (MMZ).” The announcement also compares the history of 19th century anti-Semitism with criticism of Islam. The flyer for this event mentions Heinrich von Treitschke, one of the most dangerous and influential anti-Semites ever. He coined the term “Die Juden sind unser Unglück” (“Jews are our Misfortune”), decades later a key term for the Nazi movement and Nazi Germany itself.

The Tutzing event draws a clear line from German pre-Nazi style anti-Semitism of Treitschke in the late 19th century to today’s criticism of Islamism, Islamic Jihad and Islamic Terrorism. Some participants are asked to talk about anti-Semitism, others about criticism of Islam. One participant is striking: a Dr. Mohammed Khallouk, representing the “General Council of German Muslims” (ZMD). He wrote in 2010 that some critics of Islamism like feminist, Muslim authors Necla Kelek or Seyran Ates just criticize Islam in order to prepare Muslims to convert to Christianity respective Judaism!

There can be no doubt, that this is an anti-Semitic (and anti-Christian) conspiracy theory. Kelek and Ates are known as intellectuals who are courageous when criticizing Islamism. Ates, formerly working as a lawyer, was almost shot dead several years ago. She survived and is well known for her books that urge Muslims to wake up to extremist realities.

Other panels of that Tutzing conference compare or equate debates about the building of synagogues in the 19th century with mosques projects today. This is, again, a denial of any specificity of the history of anti-Semitism. Judaism is not a big and imperialistic religion like Islam or Christianity, without forgetting that Christianity, contrary to Islam has had more than 200 years of enlightenment so far. Judaism did not spread terror and hatred and anti-democratic ideology when planning synagogues in Germany let’s say in 1893. Many Muslims today are known to support Hamas. In Germany many of them are serving Turkish-Islamist AKP-ideology, directly managed by the Turkish government. Such mosque projects are sometimes also financed by Saudi or other Arab sources and incorporate their anti-Western, anti-Israeli, and anti-Semitic ideology. This is all well known and analyzed. When scholars, politicians and activists today claim that criticism of Islam or Islamism reminds them of anti-Semitism, this is a distortion of history. It is also an obfuscation of the Holocaust – because 19th century German anti-Semitism led to the Shoah. If today’s criticism of Islam has similarities to 19th century Jew hatred, Muslims are a few years or decades away from a “Holocaust,” according to this relativist fashionable thought.

 

Finally, back to Prof. Benz, who is on the forefront of the equation of anti-Semitism and “Islamophobia,” and is silent about his own history. He is on the board of a “Yearbook on Islamophobia”, published in Austria. He received a Ph.D. in history in 1968 at the University of Munich under the auspices of Prof. Karl Bosl. Bosl was member of the Nazi party (NSDAP), the “Sturmabteilung” (SA), and was later paid by the “Schutzstaffel” (SS) in a scholarly project. On January 16 and 17, 1945, Bosl took part in the (probably) last conference of historians in Nazi Germany. This was a conference of the infamous “Aktion Ritterbusch,” a huge scholarly organization of Nazi historians. To underline their sympathy with the “Führer,” Adolf Hitler, this conference was held in Braunau am Inn, Hitler’s birthplace.

 

Bosl was also active in anti-Semitic circles after 1945. In 1964 he gave a talk at a revisionist conference of the “Witikobund,” equating the Holocaust with the expulsion of Germans from the East after the end of the Second World War. In 1990, three years before Bosl died, he gave a long biographical interview. Asked about his time during Nazi Germany, he said, “I was not at all involved.” Bosl was member of several academic organizations and is still honored worldwide. He was a member of the Medieval Academy of America (Cambridge/Mass.). In November 2008 the Bavarian city of Cham established a “Prof.-Dr.-Karl-Bosl-Place,” and in July 2009 the Bavarian association of Philologists for the fi rst time awarded their “Karl-Bosl Medal.”

 

Prof. Benz congratulated Bosl on his 80th birthday in 1988 by contributing to a volume in honor of Bosl. In 1990 Benz became head of the Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA). At an event in the city of Erlangen on March 21, 2010, Benz was asked what he thinks about Bosl’s Nazi legacy. Benz said: “Bosl was not a Nazi.”

 

 

By Clemens Heni, Ph.D.

Scholars for Peace in the Middle East
and The Sue and Leonard Miller Center for Contemporary Judaic Studies of the University of Miami

„Fifty Years of the Special US-Israel Relationship (1962-2012) in Perspective“

January 16-18, 2011

The Conrad Miami Hotel
1395 Brickell Avenue, Miami, FL 33131

 

 

 

1:00 – 2:10 pm: Keynote Plenary Panel. Anti-semitism and Walt/Mearsheimer

Chair: Judith Jacobson

Steve Jacobs, University of Alabama

Marc Weitzman, Simon Wiesenthal Center, New York

Jonathan Kessler, AIPAC

Clemens Heni, Germany – Post 9/11 Germany, Nazi Germany and the German Edition of Walt/Mearsheimer’s “Israel Lobby“

Location: Conrad Ballroom, 3^rd Floor

 

The following is part of a lecture I gave on January 17, 2011, in Miami, at the above mentioned SPME conference. Many Thanks to Sam Edelman and SPME US for inviting me and to Judith Jacobson for introducing me on that panel.

Most people think that the book “Israel Lobby” by Stephen Walt and John J. Mearsheimer was published in 2007 – at the same time in the US and in Germany, by the way. Well, the first edition of that book was rather published in 1940 – by leading National Socialist anti-Semitic publicist Prof. Dr. Johann von Leers. Von Leers published “Kräfte hinter Roosevelt” (“Forces behind Roosevelt”) in Berlin in 1940. One of the first bloggers who dealt with this was LizasWelt[i], a well known blogger in Germany.

However, not many scholars dealt with this so far.[ii] (However, co-panelist Marc Weitzman also mentioned Johann von Leers, and I referred to this. AIPAC Jonathan Kessler mentioned in his impressive presentation about Walt/Mearsheimer’s Israel Lobby the role of the Yale Political Union in promoting John J. Mearsheimer at an event in September 2008, an event I myself attended and reported about it here).

The publishing of the book “Israel Lobby” in 2007 both in the US and Germany indicates an increasing hatred of Israel and – in the case of Germany – an increasing anti-American political culture. Anti-Americanism was the response in Europe and Germany to the events of 9/11. Some left-wingers in Germany ordered “Bin Laden cocktails” on that Tuesday, September 11, 2001, in their favorite bars. Anti-Americanism and anti-Semitism are close allies, particularly in Germany.

Well: In 1940 Professor Dr. Johann von Leers published the book “Kräfte hinter Roosevelt” (“Forces behind Roosevelt”).[iii] At the end of the book you find announcements from the same publishing house, including books on “Jewish Blood Libel”[iv] and “Jewish Imperialism”[v].

Von Leers begins his book by emphasizing the German love of American freedom and the history of the settlement movement, saying that Jews had not been involved in it. He remembers stories about America, praises the “backwoodmen,” saying that from the very beginning a “worm”[vi] was working in this America. The puritans had been covered Jews.[vii] Von Leers can’t stand that Americans – as he portrays them – revolted not just against England, rather against every kind of ruler (“Herrscher”) or kingdom. And this ongoing revolt against tyranny was based on the Jewish influence, according to von Leers.[viii] He is in support of anti-Jewish pogroms in Czarist Russia, like in 1903 (Kishinev) or in 1905. He literally denounces American activities to support oppressed Russian Jewry.[ix]

Von Leers is particularly aiming at Jewish groups, he calls them “Kampforganisationen des Judentums in USA” (“organized fighting groups of American Jewry”):

1)      The American Jewish Committee

2)      The American Jewish Congress

3)      The Anti-Defamation League of the B’nai B’rith

4)      The Jewish Labor Committee[x]

Decades later, in 2007 Walt/Mearsheimer attack the American Jewish Committee, the American Jewish Congress and the ADL as well, see page 168 of the German edition of “Israel Lobby” and many other pages in that book.[xi]

 

In addition von Leers mentions the “Joint Distribution Committee,” and its support for Jews in Palestine.[xii] Von Leers says that “Zionism” “is at war with all other peoples” (!).[xiii] He says that “a few small groups” acted against Jews, including publishing the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, of course articles of Henry Ford in the “Dearborn Independent” in Michigan, but also activities of the Ku-Klux-Klan.[xiv]

Remember: Nazi anti-Semitism like that of von Leers – one of the leading Nazi authors – was anti-Zionist. This as a reminder of those people who still claim that anti-Zionism has nothing to do with anti-Semitism.

Von Leers makes lists of – in his fantasies – influential Jews. Bernard M. Baruch is called a “Mammonist,”[xv] using the then fashionable and still existent vocabulary and ideology of anti-capitalist anti-Semitism.[xvi]

Von Leers uses conspiracy theories as well, saying that several mysteries surround deaths in recent times – of course “the Jew” was behind this. He says

“Murder is an old Jewish arm. Jews always killed their political enemies, to path way to their world domination.”[xvii]

This is a typical case of pathological projection: von Leers projects his own will to mass murder onto the Jews, framing victims as Jews.

Von Leers says that Roosevelt is driven by the Jews, and planning a World War in order to silence anti-Semitism in the US. Von Leers says that “Germany” has no dispute with the American people, the “real American people”. He hopes that America frees herself from “Judenherrschaft”[xviii] (domination by the Jews). Doesn’t this sound like Walt/Mearsheimer?

The last chapter deals with Roosevelt and Bolshevism, saying that America will become communist the day they declare war. Anti-Semitism and anti-Communism are a core element of German Nazi ideology.

Finally von Leers says that Jews always (!) wanted to kill “the best among the non-Jews,” this is the “mystery of blood” according to Nazi von Leers. He says that this mystery of blood puts Roosevelt close to Stalin…[xix]

Von Leers wrote many booklets and brochures to spread German National Socialist anti-Semitism. In “Rassische Geschichtsbetrachtung”, published in 1941, he writes about the “De-Judification” of Germans themselves – he had a pathological fear of being Jewish inside! He pleads for “Dejudaization of Germany”, “Blood and Soil” and a “Nordic way of economic thinking”.[xx]

Von Leers was one of the leading Nazi anti-Semites and propagandists. He is all the more important for research because he then converted to Islam after 1945, going to Egypt in the mid 1950s and spreading Jew-hatred and anti-Semitism in the Arab world, after having been in Argentina before.

The cover of “Forces behind Roosevelt” shows eleven persons, with Franklin D. Roosevelt in front. Four orthodox looking Jews with hats and beards are accompanied by six other people rather looking like business men or celebrities. All are shown as Jewish, because the entire cover is framed in the American flag. The flag, however, has Stars of David instead of simple stars.

My message: The cover of the German edition of Walt/Mearsheimer’s “Israel Lobby” has clear similarities with an anti-Semitic book published in Nazi Germany by Johann von Leers in 1940, “Forces behind Roosevelt.”

Both covers use Stars of David instead of simple stars in their portraying of the American flag. The German publisher of Walt/Mearsheimer is Campus publisher, based in Frankfurt AND in New York City.

In an e-mail to the author Campus publisher Frankfurt justified the use of that cover and admitted that they created this cover by their own.[xxi] Obviously they have similar ideas about America and the “Israel Lobby” like Theodor Fritsch publisher in 1940 (respective 1942, third edition).